Means for recovering by-products.



P. MjHAMLlN.

MEANS PoR REGOVERING BwRoDUCTs.

APPLICATION IILED JUNE 11,1908.

Patented June 7, 1910.

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oooooooo/ "UNITED eiseres rereier orrirori;

PU'JAS'I M. HAMLIN, GF KTTST PENNSYLVNA, ASSIGNGR F ELF T fi UNVEHZAFT,E NEU] YORK, N.

MEANS FR RECQVERNG' BYHPRODUCTS.

' eeoeee.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application tiled June 11, 1908. Serial No. 437,927.

7o ali whom may concern;

Be it known that i, iunssni M .i1-winni, e citizen of theUnitedSirvtes,` residing et Priston, county ofY Luzerne, and' Startev of?ennsyivenie, have yinvented certain new and useful inprmfernents inMeans for Recovering By-Products, fully described and represented in theioiiowing specification accompanying drawings, forming e peri; of thesame. Y

t This invention reiates to e ineens of recovering volatile byproductsfrom the treatment or' wood-fiber or other crude rneteriziis in ecooker, digester, or rosster in which the crude ineteriei is heei'ed tochange .ce constitution, and the bly-products are in cidenteiyvaporizcd.

' Where it desired. to maintain any pres eure ehm/e the atmosphereduring the treat c nient the crude meteriei, such 'pressure i heehteined end the byproducts secured i ci' the Veperised hy products ereceptie/cie only es :fest es they ere mired, which is ei'iecied hy anyvoive trahie for reguieting limiting the disi'iow.

The invention .is partly adapted for the recover;7 ofi' turpentine,oiis, resin, end Wood oicohoi from wood during the manufact-ure of puinwithout loterie ng with the puipinekiug9 or incrcesin r Yits cost.. .inVSuch. manufacture of wood-chips is pieced in e.. tightly closeddigcster end'is hearted. hy injecting seznn into the digesrer atemperature above the boiiing point of tire byproducts, which are thusneeesseriiy veporized.

In digesting coniferous woods to produce puin, ingredients of greet-1ydiierent cherare discharged es hiv-products, and the ohvject of thepresent intention is to rst separate 'the heavier ingredients from thevapor in order that they may 'not clog rho weten the more voietiieeienents.

Resin and hesvy oils if condensed upon u chilied surface adhere strougiythereto and are iiahle to eccumuiete and cion' up thc vos- 50 sel inwhich they are condensed' so that its use cannot he continued withoutfrequent/ijf wooo-puit), :i charge of ecter and density, as wood alcoholund resin..

digestcr or cooied concienserwineh isrequired to liqueiy `o enin it toremove these mm sub- P gu stances. i hev'e' discovered that en eir-Peteneed Jurrie 39rd@ cooied trap suiiices to seperate such heaviereiements iron; the vapor, whiie it does not chill them sui'icientiy toprevent their sponteneous iow from theirep. i 'forni the trap withperforated baffle-plates vwhich efford en extended surface for thedeposit of these. gurnniy elements end the conveying of their heet tothe atmosphere, the piates pro'- ducing o. deposit of these eiementsWithout preventing their How and discharge from the trap etthetemperature oi' the air which is always milch below that of steam underpressure. That portion of the vapor which is uncondensed in theair-cooled trap is then treated in a surface condenser where tubes cansui'eiy be used as e cooling argent, be-

'ceuse the elements condensed :trom the rcmeining vapor ere of o. iuidcharacter and not liable to cog the passages between the pipes byadhesion thereto. The apparatus does not seperate all the ivy-productsfrom one eruit-her, out divides them into two'very different classeswhich are adapted for very different subsequent treatment to dissociatethein, esinuy he desired.

rihe discharge of veporizcd byproducts from the Ydigesters duringthecooking `operation permits steam, watery Vapor and crude materielsAtopessod with the vapor, end i therefore Yiind it desirable to re-heetthis vapor :it a temperature higher than that in the digosters so as tofully vohitiiize eil the watery 'vapor end any of the crude niaterieisthat have not been vziporized,

I find that the air-coo1ed trap land waiter-y therefore provlde esteam-heater hearted to a tempereture above that et which the crudemateriel is treated, and operatinof upon the by-products independentiyof tie Cooker,

rooster, where they are generated.

rihe invention will be understood by reference to the followingdescription and ref-y erence to the drawing, in which- Figure l is ediagrammatic representation oi the apparatus; Figz is e side view of theeir-cooled trap; Fig. 3 is :i vertical section of the shell of such trapWith the erforated baille-plates therein; Fig. 4 is a p an of the trapand baille-plates with the cover removed; and Fig. 5 is a perspectiveView of a portion of one of the balilla-plates, showing the perforatedribs.

e designates a digester suitable for cooking wood fiber in making pulp,b designates a Vapor-regulating valve connected by the pipe c with thedigest/er near the top, for continuously dischargino a restrictedproportion of the vaporized y-produsts.

al designates the heater to which the valve b discharges the vapor; edesignates the trap or air-cooled condenser, connected With the outletof the heater by a pipe f, and g designates-the Water-cooled condenserconnected with the trap e by a pipe lr, and having an outlet-pipe z todraw ofi' the inally-liquelied products.

The digester eis shown with a steam sup- I ply-pipe j having a cock k toregulate the influx of steam for cooking the crude material. The heaterd and condenser g are represented with a construction similar to anordinary tubular surface-condenser, the heater havinrv tubes Z securedin heads m which form chambers at opposite ends of the heater. Theheater is shown fully in section and the condenser Ag would be ofsimilar construction, although its tubes are indicated in the drawing'only by dotted lines.

A pipe fn, with cock o supplies steam or heating fluid to the spacearound the tubes vin the heater for heating them, and a regulator orsteam trap 7J is connected with an outlet from such space to dischargethe heatinfr lluid as it is chilled. The' foy-products and stemfrcn'rthe digester pass through the tubespl in which they are. fullyvaporized, and are discharged 'trom the outlet of the l heater into thecondensing trap e by the pipe f. This trap has.y no means of heating orchilling it, hutis constantly cooled to a certain degree by theatmosphere, and. is pro videdintcrrnilly, as shown in Figsf and a, .withnumerous` Vertical baille-plates Which vimpede/the progress of the vaporthrough the trga/p.

glie' baille-plates are perforated with nuin .rous holes and operate tochill the vapor ua certain degree as it through, 'While they collectupon their surface the heavier ingredients. Such heavier ingredients (ina vapor from eoniferous wood fiber) consist of resin and heavy oils,which accumulate in the bottom ofthe trap and can be discharged atpleasure by a pipe hav- 'lhe air-cooled trap e may he located in anyplace which possesses an even temperature, and the baille-plates areconstructed .withrios e in which ventdioles g are formed, so that aconsiderable amount of heat-conducting metal surrounds each of the holesand operates to conduct the heat etectively from the vapor. Thehaieplates operate eiiectively to conduct the heat from the vapor to thecasing or shell of the trap,

and such shell dissipates or diil'uses the heat into the atmosphere solthat a certain cooling effect is constantly exerted upon the vaporpassing through the trap.

Fig. 5 clearly shows the penetration of the holes g through the 'ribsand the integral connection of the ribs with the plates g; but Fig. 3shows only the edges of the pailleplates and docs not exhibit them insection, as only the shell e of the trap is cut open.

The preferred construction for the trap is .shown in Figs. 3 and 4.,with a horizontal partition or baille-plate Q2, and the vaporinlet f"and vaponoutlet g connected ref spectively below and above lsuch plate.llhe horizontal hafile-plateis employed to sepa rate the entering vaporsfrom those leaving the trap, 'the inlet f being inserted helen' suchhorizontal bailleplate scthat the liquid first condensed may findimmediate access to the dischar e-opening ff in. Fig. 3. The

horizontal ha e-plate is shown perforated, and resting upon ledges sinsidev the shell. of the trap, and the vertical baille-plates Q' areshrown attached, by the up er or lower.

obstructed by one of the vertical plates can pass through the horizontalplate as Weil as through such vertical plate. y

The horizontal haiileplate is of ,special which en l lll@ importance inthe construction, as it tends v to retain the vapors .adjacent to thedis'n charge-opening r while separating the lgreater part oit the denserelements; but the location of the vapor-outlet g compels all the vaporsto pass through the horizontal plate to reach 'such outlet',

'lis

The vapor :from theydigcster is heated far above the atmospheric'temperature in the heater al, and whenpflowing past, the aircooled'baille plates',K the heavier elements are condensed and' l'oW freelyfrom thc vopening r.

The condenser f/ is shown as a tubular surface-condenser et the saineconstruction as tedere heater; but the tubes aresubjectedto the -coolingaction of a circulating Huid introduced into the tubes at oneend by' thepipe s and discharged atfthe other end by a' pipe t.

The pipe/L leads the lighter ingredients of Athe byproducts, from thecondensing trap ey into the space around the tubes, Whei'f-'euchingredients are i1 uefied 'and can be drawing;v

's not clog'V the tubes, as they do not pass through the same. It isimmaterial what construction be employed for the heater d and condensery, to perform the saine functions.' From the above descriptlon 1t willbe seen4 that the .so-called trap e forms the first condenser, which ismerely air-cooled; and thus at a temperature materially below that ofthe vapor, although consideably above that of 'the condenser g, which isartii'icially cooled by a current of Water or other suitable means. Thetemperature 'of the condenser g` is, in practice, much below that. ofthe atmosphere, and the heat is abstracted from the vapor more rapidlythan in air-cooled condenser like the trap e.

In treating the by-products from a pulp digester, the use of ,anair-cooled trap or`Y condenser e serves/to remove the heavy ons andresin4 from the vapor before it' enters 'the inal condenser g, and thusprevents such element-s from 'clogging the condensed, in which the lowtemperature would harden the resin and prevent its flow and discharge.

The complete separation oi? lthe lighter and heavier ingredients iseffectively secured by the use of the heater d, which insures thecomplete volatilization of the steam and various ingredients carriedovertherewith from the digester, and thus adapts themmore perfectly tobe separated by con densation at tivo different temperatures.

Having thus set`i`orth the nature of the invention what is claimedherein is:

l. The means for recovering byproducts from Wood-chips and fibrousmateria-l in an intermittent process in Which the byproducts arevaporized, consisting of a digester containing a charge of crudematerial and having steam supplied thereto at a temperature suitable todistil the volatile elements therefrom, a valve discharging from suchdigester a limited proportion or' the steam with luy-products. vaporizedtherein, and., operated to maintain a steam pressure in the digestersuitable for digesting the fiber, a heater with means for maintaining itat a higher temperature than the digester and operating to furthervolatilize all of such vaporized byroducts,an air-cooled trap receivingsuch ubly volatilized lays-products and provided with perforatedbangle-plates to arrest the heavier ingredients, and a Waterlcooledcondenser receiving the lighter byfproducts from the air-cooied trap andoperating to liquefy the same.

2. The means for recovering byproducts from a process in'which they arevaporized,

consisting of a. digester heated by injected ,steam to a certaintemperature, a valve discharging from such digeste'r a limitedproportion of such steam With lay-products vapl orized therein, atubular heater having the tubes heated by steam .to a higher temperaturethan the digester., the `said vaporized by-"products being` inea-ted bythe tubes to fully volatiiize the Whole'o suchby-products, an airfeooledp trap receiving such doubly volatillzed bay-products from such 'heaterand' provided with perforated baeplates to4 arrest the heavieringredients and with means for drawing od such ingredients, and atubuiar condenser receiving upon the outside of the tubes the remainderof the vaporized products from the trap, the condenser having a coolingfluid crculated through the tubes to chill them, Whereby the remainderof the by-produots is re-v duced to a liquid form outside of the tubes,Where they cannot clog the tubes.

3 in the manufacture of 'wood pulp, the oination, with a digester havinga charge e; wood chips with steam supplied thereto and a valvedischarging from such di ester a limited proportion of such steam Witbyproducts vaporized from the Wood fiber, of a heater with means forheating the same above the boiling temperature of such byproducts andoperated to fully volatilize all of such by-produ'cts, an air-cooledtrap receiving suchdoubly volatilized products and provided withperforated bafiie-plates to collect the resin and heavy oils, and aWatercooled condenser receiving the remainder of such byproducts andoperating to liquey the same, substantially as herein set forth.

li. ln the manufacture ot' Wood pulp, the combination, With a digesterhaving a charge of Wood chips and steam supplied thereto and a valvedischarging frein such digester a limited proportion of such steam withbyproducts vaporized from the Wood ber, of a trap having a casing@ withperforated bridle-plates therein forming a succession of chambersthrough Which the vapor is passed, the battle-plates conducting heat tothe oasing and the casing diffusing the heat in the atmosphere, and the,battle-plate thus operating to separate the heavier elements from Vthevapor.

5. ln the manufacture of Wood pulp, the combination, with, a digesterhaving steam supplied thereto and a valve discharging from such digestera limited proportion ot such steam with by-productsvaporzed fromperforated ribs, as and for the purpose set 10 the Wood` ber, of anair-cooled trap e haw forth. ing discharge-'opening at the bottom, and aIn estimony whereof I have hereunto set horizontal perforatedA bao-platewith a vamy hand in the presence of two subscribing por-inlet 'iconnected below the same, 'a Witnesses. Vapor-outlet g connected abovethe same, PULASK M.- HAMLIN. [L .s.]

and vertical buffle-plates projected upwardly Witnesses:

and downwardly from the horizontal paze, JAMEs D. BME, the Saidbae-bates being provided with Homo@ Wg HARPER.

